Mental health

Mental health (29)

Alcohol Use Disorder — Trastorno por uso de alcohol

Alcohol use disorder is a medical diagnosis given when drinking causes significant problems in a person's life or health, and the person has difficulty cutting back despite those problems.

Anxiety Disorder — Trastorno de ansiedad

Anxiety disorders are a group of conditions in which worry, fear, or nervousness is intense, persistent, and interferes with everyday activities.

Behavioral Health — Salud conductual

Behavioral health is a broad term used in the US healthcare system to encompass mental health conditions, substance use disorders, and the relationship between behavior and overall physical and mental wellbeing.

Bipolar Disorder — Trastorno bipolar

Bipolar disorder is a brain condition that causes unusual shifts in mood, energy, activity levels, concentration, and the ability to carry out everyday tasks.

Borderline Personality Disorder — Trastorno límite de la personalidad

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a mental health condition that affects how a person regulates emotions, perceives themselves and others, and maintains relationships.

DBT (Dialectical Behavior Therapy) — Terapia dialéctico-conductual (TDC)

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is an evidence-based form of cognitive behavioral therapy originally developed for people with borderline personality disorder but now used for a range of conditions including depression, PTSD, eating disorders, and substance use.

Depression — Depresión

Depression is a common medical condition that affects how you feel, think, and manage daily life.

Eating Disorder — Trastorno de la conducta alimentaria

Eating disorders are serious mental health conditions involving persistent disturbances in eating behavior that negatively affect physical health, emotional wellbeing, and daily functioning.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder — Trastorno de ansiedad generalizada

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a condition in which a person feels excessive, hard-to-control worry about many different areas of life — such as health, work, finances, family, or everyday tasks — most days for at least six months.

Grief Counseling — Consejería por duelo

Grief counseling is a form of therapy that supports people who are coping with loss — the death of a loved one, the end of a relationship, a serious illness, or another significant life change.

Inpatient Psychiatric Care — Atención psiquiátrica hospitalaria

Inpatient psychiatric care is 24-hour hospital-level mental health treatment for people experiencing a serious mental health crisis — such as thoughts of suicide with intent, severe psychosis, or a mental health emergency that cannot be safely managed in the community.

Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) — Tratamiento con medicamentos (TAM)

Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) is the use of FDA-approved medications — combined with counseling and behavioral therapies — to treat substance use disorders, particularly opioid use disorder and alcohol use disorder.

Mental Health Parity — Paridad en salud mental

Mental health parity refers to the legal requirement in the US that insurance plans treat mental health and substance use disorder benefits no less favorably than medical or surgical benefits.

Mindfulness-Based Therapy — Terapia basada en atención plena

Mindfulness-based therapy refers to structured therapeutic approaches that incorporate mindfulness practice — intentionally paying attention to the present moment without judgment — to improve mental health.

OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder) — Trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo (TOC)

OCD is a mental health condition characterized by recurring, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) that create anxiety and repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions) performed to reduce that anxiety.

Opioid Use Disorder — Trastorno por uso de opioides

Opioid use disorder is a medical condition involving problematic use of opioids — including prescription pain medications like oxycodone or hydrocodone, or illicit opioids like heroin and fentanyl.

Outpatient Mental Health Services — Servicios de salud mental ambulatorios

Outpatient mental health services are mental health treatment and support provided in a community or clinic setting without an overnight hospital stay.

Panic Attack — Ataque de pánico

A panic attack is a sudden episode of intense fear that triggers severe physical reactions even when there is no real danger.

Phobia — Fobia

A phobia is an intense, persistent, and excessive fear of a specific object, situation, or activity that poses little or no actual danger.

Psychiatric Evaluation — Evaluación psiquiátrica

A psychiatric evaluation is a comprehensive assessment conducted by a psychiatrist or other mental health provider to understand your mental health history, current symptoms, and overall wellbeing.

Psychiatrist — Psiquiatra

A psychiatrist is a medical doctor (MD or DO) who specializes in diagnosing and treating mental health conditions.

Psychologist — Psicólogo

A psychologist is a mental health professional who holds a doctoral degree (PhD, PsyD, or EdD) in psychology.

Psychotherapy — Psicoterapia

Psychotherapy — also called talk therapy or counseling — is a range of treatments that help people understand and change thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are causing them distress.

PTSD (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder) — Trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT)

PTSD is a mental health condition that can develop after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event such as violence, an accident, military combat, a natural disaster, or sexual assault.

Schizophrenia — Esquizofrenia

Schizophrenia is a serious but treatable mental health condition that affects how a person thinks, feels, and perceives reality.

Social Anxiety Disorder — Trastorno de ansiedad social

Social anxiety disorder is an intense, persistent fear of being watched, judged, or embarrassed in social or performance situations.

Substance Use Disorder — Trastorno por uso de sustancias

Substance use disorder is a medical condition in which a person's use of alcohol, drugs, or other substances causes significant health problems, distress, or impairs their ability to meet responsibilities at work, school, or home.

Suicide Prevention — Prevención del suicidio

Suicide prevention refers to efforts and services designed to reduce suicidal thoughts and behaviors and to keep people safe.

Therapist — Terapeuta

A therapist is a licensed mental health professional who provides talk therapy, counseling, and other evidence-based treatments to help people manage mental health conditions, process difficult experiences, and improve their overall wellbeing.

Medications (7)

Antidepressant — Antidepresivo

Antidepressants are medications used to treat depression, anxiety, and other mental health conditions.

Antipsychotic — Antipsicótico

Antipsychotics are medications used to manage symptoms of psychosis, including hallucinations, delusions, and disordered thinking.

Capsule — Cápsula

A capsule is a dosage form in which medication is enclosed within a gelatin or vegetarian shell that dissolves after you swallow it, releasing the drug inside.

Controlled Substance — Sustancia controlada

A controlled substance is a drug regulated by the US federal government under the Controlled Substances Act because it has potential for abuse, addiction, or dependence.

Opioid — Opioide

Opioids are powerful prescription pain medications that work by binding to receptors in the brain and spinal cord to block pain signals.

Specialty Pharmacy — Farmacia especializada

A specialty pharmacy is a licensed pharmacy that dispenses complex, high-cost medications used to treat serious chronic conditions such as cancer, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, hepatitis C, or rare diseases.

Tablet — Tableta

A tablet is a solid dosage form made by compressing powdered medication into a firm disk shape that you swallow whole.

Symptoms (4)

Loss of Appetite — Pérdida de apetito

Loss of appetite, medically called anorexia, means a reduced desire to eat.

Night Sweats — Sudoración nocturna

Night sweats are episodes of heavy sweating during sleep that soak clothes and bedding, even when the room is not too warm.

Referred Pain — Dolor referido

Referred pain is pain that is felt in a part of the body other than the actual source of the problem.

Slurred Speech — Habla arrastrada

Slurred speech (dysarthria) means speaking in a thick, mumbled, or slow way that is difficult for others to understand.

Maternity and children (3)

Autism Screening — Detección de autismo

Autism screening is a brief developmental questionnaire given to parents at the 18-month and 24-month well-child visits to identify early signs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Postpartum — Posparto

Postpartum refers to the period after giving birth, typically defined as the first six weeks, though full recovery can take months.

Postpartum Depression — Depresión posparto

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a mood disorder that can affect people after childbirth, going beyond the typical "baby blues" that resolve within two weeks.

Procedures (3)

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy — Terapia cognitivo-conductual

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a structured, goal-oriented form of psychotherapy that teaches you to recognize and change negative thought patterns and behaviors that contribute to mental health conditions.

Electroconvulsive Therapy — Terapia electroconvulsiva

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) is a medical procedure in which a brief, controlled electrical current is applied to the brain under general anesthesia to produce a brief seizure.

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation — Estimulación magnética transcraneal

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation therapy approved for treatment-resistant depression and certain other conditions.

Emergency care (1)

988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline — 988 Línea de Crisis y Suicidio

988 is a three-digit dialing code that connects callers in the United States to the national Suicide and Crisis Lifeline, operated by SAMHSA (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration).

Conditions (1)

Autism Spectrum Disorder — Trastorno del espectro autista

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects social communication, behavior, and sensory processing in ways that vary widely between individuals.

Tests (1)

Blood Alcohol Level (BAC Test) — Nivel de alcohol en sangre

A blood alcohol level test, often called a BAC (blood alcohol concentration) test, measures the amount of alcohol in your bloodstream.

Guides that use these terms

• Bringing Medication into Japan

Other areas of the glossary

• Heart and circulation — Corazón y circulación
• Lungs and breathing — Pulmones y respiración
• Digestive system — Sistema digestivo
• Brain and nerves — Cerebro y nervios
• Reproductive health and pregnancy — Salud reproductiva y embarazo
• Bones, joints and muscles — Huesos, articulaciones y músculos
• Blood and immune system — Sangre y sistema inmunitario
• Hormones, diabetes and metabolism — Hormonas, diabetes y metabolismo
• Skin, hair and nails — Piel, cabello y uñas
• General care: tests, procedures and medicines — Atención general: pruebas, procedimientos y medicamentos