Sources

Japanese Government Sources

Health, insurance, and administrative guidance on this site draws primarily from official Japanese government publications. These sources are the authoritative record for healthcare regulation and social insurance in Japan.

• Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) — 厚生労働省
  mhlw.go.jp/english
  Japan's primary regulatory authority for healthcare, pharmaceuticals, labor, and social insurance. MHLW publishes national health insurance guidelines, medical institution standards, public health statistics, and the official standards for worker's accident compensation (労災). Most insurance and forms-related content on this site cites MHLW guidance directly.
• Japan Tourism Agency / JNTO
  jnto.go.jp/eng
  Japan National Tourism Organization maintains English-language guidance for short-term visitors seeking medical care, including information on medical interpreter services and hospitals equipped for international patients.
• Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO)
  jetro.go.jp/en
  JETRO's guides to living and working in Japan include coverage of the national health insurance enrollment process for foreign residents — particularly relevant for those entering Japan on work or spousal visas.

International Health Bodies

For clinical context, disease classification, and internationally standardized terminology, this archive references publications from major international health organizations.

• World Health Organization (WHO)
  who.int
  The WHO's International Classification of Diseases (ICD) and its published guidance on communicable disease management, tuberculosis treatment protocols, and mental health frameworks are referenced in sections covering those topics.
• PubMed / National Library of Medicine
  pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
  Peer-reviewed literature accessed via PubMed is cited for epidemiological background and clinical context in research-framed content. Individual study citations follow PMID or DOI format where available.

Prefecture and Municipal Sources

Japan's health services are administered at the prefecture level for many categories. Pages covering specific regions cite the relevant prefecture's official health bureau portal. For the Tokyo metropolitan area specifically, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government English portal is the primary reference for public health programs, clinic directories, and public health center (保健所) contact information.

Prefecture portals cited on individual pages are linked directly from those pages and are not reproduced here in aggregate, as the URLs and structures of prefecture sites change frequently.

Forms Documentation

The forms library section documents the categories and structure of forms that were available through the original AMDA-IMIC service. Form names, categories, and language coverage are documented from the structure of the original site, preserved here for reference.

Readers who need current versions of administrative forms — such as worker's accident compensation claim forms, patient registration sheets, or TB treatment tracking documents — should obtain them directly from the administering institution: the Labor Standards Inspection Office (労働基準監督署) for labor accident forms, the treating hospital for patient registration, and the public health center (保健所) for TB forms.

What We Do Not Cite

This archive does not cite anonymous web pages, undated secondary summaries, commercially motivated health content, or sources that cannot be verified through an institutional or peer-reviewed record. Where a fact cannot be sourced to an identifiable, authoritative publication, it is not included.

No statistical figures on this site are estimated or extrapolated without a cited basis. All statistics reference the issuing body and the year of publication.

Last reviewed: September 2026